MENES
/ MANISHTUSHU
![](325px-Statue_de_Manishtusu_-_Sb_47_-_Antiquit%E9s_orientales_du_Louvre.jpg)
Statue
of Manishtusu. The inscription on the robe is in Elamite, added
in the 12th century BCE. According to it, the statue was taken from
Akkad and brought to Susa in the 12th century BCE by king Shutruk-Nakhunte.
Louvre Museum.
King
of the Akkadian Empire
Reign
: c. 2270 BC – 2255 BC
Predecessor
: Mush
/ Uru-Mush / Rimush
Successor
: Narmar
/ Naram-Sin / Vishva
Issue
: Naram-Sin
Father
: Sargon of Akkad
Mother
: Tashlultum
Menes
/ Manis-Tusu / Manishtushu (Ma-an-ish-tu-su) was the third king
of the Akkadian Empire, reigning from c. 2270 BC until his assassination
in 2255 BC (Middle Chronology). He was the son of Sargon the Great,
the founder of the Akkadian Empire, and he was succeeded by his
son, Naram-Sin.
Biography
:
Manishtushu was the third king of the Akkadian Empire. He was the
son of Sargon of Akkad and Queen Tashlultum, brother of En-hedu-ana,
Rimush, and Shu-Enlil, and the father of Naram-Sin.
He
became king in c. 2270 BC after the death of his brother Rimush.
Manishtushu, freed of the rebellions of his brother's reign,
led campaigns to distant lands. According to a passage from one
of his inscriptions, he led a fleet down the Persian Gulf where
32 kings allied to fight him. Manishtushu was victorious and
consequently looted their cities and silver mines, along with other
expeditions to kingdoms along the Persian Gulf. He also sailed a
fleet down the Tigris River that eventually traded with 37 other
nations, conquered the city of Shirasum in Elam, and rebuilt the
destroyed temple of Inanna in Nineveh in c. 2260 BC. In Elam and
Pashime, in the coastal area of Iran, Manishtushu had governors
installed for the Akkadian Empire: Eshpum was in charge of Elam,
while Ilshu-rabi was in charge of Pashime.
In
c. 2255 BC Manishtushu died, assassinated by members of his own
court, and was succeeded by his son Naram-Sin. A pyramidal stele
erected by Manishtushu bearing a long cuneiform inscription in Akkadian
is featured in the Louvre.
He
held the title "King of Kish" in some of his inscriptions.
Manishtushu trampling enemies :
A probable statue of Manishtushu discovered in Susa, Elam, shows
him trampling vanquished enemies. There are inscriptions on the
bodies of the enemies, identifying them. The statue is in the Louvre
Museum (Sb 48).
![](Mus%E9e_du_Louvre_Darafsh_(1149).jpg)
Remain
of the statue
![](Mus%E9e_du_Louvre_Darafsh_(1152).jpg)
Enemy
being trampled
![](Mus%E9e_du_Louvre_Darafsh_(1153).jpg)
Enemy
being trampled
Other
artifacts :
![](390px-P1050576_Louvre_Obl%E9lisque_de_Manishtusu_rwk.jpg)
Manishtushu
Obelisk, Louvre Museum
![](640px-P1050578_Louvre_Ob%E9lisque_de_Manishtusu_d%E9tail_rwk.jpg)
Detail
of inscription on the obelisk
![](554px-Throne_of_Manishtushu_Louvre_Museum.jpg)
Throne
of Manishtushu, Louvre Museum
![](539px-Votive_stone_mace-head_from_Uruk,_Iraq.,_the_name_of_the_Akkadian_king_Manishtushu_a_appears,_r._2270-2255_BC._Iraq_Museum.jpg)
Votive
stone mace-head in the name of Manishtushu, from Uruk, Iraq. 2270
- 2255 BCE. Iraq Museum
![](640px-Manishtushu_Lugal_Kish.jpg)
Macehead
inscription of Manishtushu: Manishtushu Lugal Kish, "Manishtushu
King of Kish"
![](BM_91018_Macehead_in_the_name_of_Manishtushu.jpg)
Macehead
in the name of Manishtushu, British Museum, BM 91018
Manishtushu
Obelisk :
The
Manishtushu Obelisk is a diorite, four-sided stele. The stele is
obelisk-shaped, as well as it narrows upward to its (damaged) top,
in a pyramidal-form. The obelisk was erected by Manishtushu, son
of Sargon the Great, of the Akkadian Empire, who ruled circa 2270–2255
BC.
As
a spoil of war, the stele was taken to Susa by the Elamite king
Shutruk-Nakhunte in the 12th century BC.
![](390px-P1050576_Louvre_Obl%E9lisque_de_Manishtusu_rwk.jpg)
Manishtushu
Obelisk, Louvre Museum
Material
: Diorite
Created
: 2270 - 2255 BC
Discovered
: Susa
Present
location : Louvre Museum, Paris
Registration
: Sb 20
![](akkadsusa.jpg)
The
Manishtushu Obelisk, created under the Akkadian Empire in Mesopotamia
circa 2270 – 2255 BC, was taken as booty to Susa in the 12th
century BC
Description
and purpose :
![](640px-P1050578_Louvre_Ob%E9lisque_de_Manishtusu_d%E9tail_rwk.jpg)
Manishtushu
Obelisk (detail), Louvre museum
The Manishtushu Obelisk is 1.4 m tall, and 0.6 m wide on its four
sides. It is made of deep black diorite, and incised in Akkadian
language cuneiform in horizontal rows on all sides. The cuneiform
is written within 1519 boxes, as lined registers. The material was
imported into Sumeria from Magan – today the area covered
by the United Arab Emirates and Oman, and on clay tablets Manishtushu
recorded: "From mountains beyond the 'lower sea' (Persian Gulf),
he took black stones; he loaded [them] on boats and docked [them]
on the quay at Akkad. He fashioned his statue [and] dedicated [it]
to Enlil."
The
obelisk text is a legal record that records the distribution of
four parcels of land, in large estates, and its allotment to his
officers, for his control of Kish.
Ilshu-rabi
:
The name of Ilšu-rabi as Governor of Pashime appears in the
Manishtushu Obelisk inscription, in several mentions of his son
Ipulum, who is said to be:
(dumu) il-su-ra-bi2 ensi2 ba-si-me{ki}
"(Son of) Ilshu-rabi, Governor of Pashime"
-
Manishtushu Obelisk
![](390px-P1050576_Louvre_Obl%E9lisque_de_Manishtusu_rwk.jpg)
"Ilšu-rabi,
Governor of Pashime" appears in the Manishtushu Obelisk
![](640px-Son_of_Ilshu-rabi_the_Governor.jpg)
"Son
of Ilshu-rabi the Governor / of Pashime" on the Manishtushu
Obelisk (Columns 22 and 23, surface c)
![](640px-Son_of_Ilshu-rabi,_Governor_of_Pashime.jpg)
"Son
of Ilshu-rabi, Governor of Pashime" on the Manishtushu Obelisk
(Column 15, surface d)
Source
:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manishtushu
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manishtushu_Obelisk