TAKSHAK
Taxak,
Takshak, Tokas, Tokas, Togas, Taksham is Jat Gotra, who are found
in India, Pakistan and Central Asia. They are found in Delhi, Haryana,
Punjab and Rajasthan[8] states in India. James Tod places it in
the list of Thirty Six Royal Races. The Takshaks or Takiuks of Scythia,
invaded India about six centuries before Christ.
Origin
:
James Tod writes that The Indo-Scythic tribes were designated by
the names of animals. The Barahas are the hogs; the Numries, the
foxes; Takshaks, the snakes; Aswas or Asi, the horses, etc.
![](450px-Genealogy_of_Suryavansha4.jpg)
Genealogy
of Suryavansh
They
are said to be descended from Nagavanshi king named Taxaka.
Branches of Nagavansh are - 1. Vasati / Bains 2. Taxak 3. Aulak
4. Kalkal 5. Kala / Kalidhaman / Kalkhande 6. Meetha 7. Bharshiv
8. Bharaich.
Regarding the origin of the Taxak Jats various theories have been
propounded by the authors of history. They are summarized herein
under. Alexander Cunningham states :
“According
to the Mahabharat and the Purans, the Takshaks were the descendants
of the Takshak, one of the many sons of Kasyapa by his Naga wife
Kadru. Other sons were called Naga, Karkotaka, Vasuki, Sesha, Mahapadma,
&c., all of whom were equally regarded as kings of the serpents,
while their names are used quite indiscriminately to designate the
ophite race. Thus Nagas Karkotakas, and Takshakas are all names
of but one and the same people. As descendants of Kadru, they are
also called Kudravas and Kadraveyas. This name I find upon three
very old cast coins in my own possession, given in its pali form
as Kadasa. The coins are of two different types, but in all the
specimens the name is accompanied by the figure of a snake. This
pictorial illustration of the name seems to me quite sufficient
to prove that these coins must belong to the ophiolatrous race of
Kadravas, and as the coins were obtained in the Western Punjab,
while the characters are similar to those of Asoka’s inscriptions,
they may be attributed with much confidence to the early Takkas
of Takka-desa.”
History
:
Ram Sarup Joon writes ... Many names in the Genealogical tables
of Yayati are associated with present Jat gotras. Some examples
are Ushinar, Shishu Bhadra, Tak or Takshak, Satoti, Krishan or Kushana
from the Yadhu branch; Dushyanta, Bharat, Bhardwaja, Hasti, Ajmirh,
Kaushik, Gadh and Vishwamitra of Puru branch; Seth, Arh, Gandhi,
Gaindhu and Gandhar of the Ardas branch.
Ram
Swarup Joon writes In the Sabha Parv, Mahabharata / Book II Chapter
48, while describing various Kings who attended a ceremony in the
Durbar (court) of Maharaja Yudhisthira, seventeen names are mentioned
which are today found as Jat gotras. These are Malhia, Mylaw, Sindhar,
Gandhar, Mahity, Mahe, Savi, Bath, Dharan, Virk, Dard, Shaly, Matash,
Kukar (Khokar) Kak, Takshak, Sand, Bahik (Bathi) Bije (Bijenia),
Andhra, Sorashtra (Rathi) Mann, Ar, Sohat, Kukat, Othiwal (Othval).
The
Shavi dynasty :
Ram Sarup Joon writes....One branch of Shavi Gotra is Takshak. Before
the Mahabharat, they ruled the area of present Delhi, which was
then known as Khanduban. Their capital was known as Khand Prastha.
When Dharat Rashtra divided his kingdom into two, Yudhishtra selected
Khand Prastha as his capital, named it Indraprastha and started
constructing palaces and forts. Takshaks opposed this project, refused
to vacate the area and tried to demolish the buildings at night.
This led to war. Pandavas defeated the Takshaks, destroyed their
villages and drove them out of this area. Consequent upon this incident
in the Mahabharat, Takshaks joined Duryodhana’s army and fought
against the
Pandavs.
A Takshak warrior killed king Parikshit, a grandson of Yudhishtr.
These facts are mentioned in Adi Parv of Mahabharat.
At
present, there are five villages of Takshak Jats in this area viz.
Mohammed Pur, Manirka, Shahpura, Haus Khas and Katwaria.
On
being driven out of Khanduban, the Takshaks drifted North west and
made their new capital at Takshala or Taxila, This view is confirmed
in ‘A Guide to Taxila’. The Takshaks also founded Takshkand
later known as Tashkand or Tashkent and Takshasthan later known
as Turkistan. The Takshaks of Taxila later adopted the abbreviated
title of Taki and are still found in that area as Muslim Jats of
Taki Gotra or clan. When Mudrak Raja Subhagsen of Ghazni was driven
east by the Iranians, he also had to fight a battle with Takis of
Taxila.
The
rulers of Magdha of the Shesh Nag Dynasty were Takshak Jats. Todd
writes that they ruled Mugdha for six hundred years.
Todd
writes that Chittor, then known as Jattor was the capital of Mori
branch of Takshaks. Gehlot Jats later occupied it.
Ram
Swarup Joon writes that Shavi was the son of the king Ushinar. He
was a Yogi and an ascetic. He was married to, Sati the daughter
of king Daksha. After her death he married Parvati. His seat of
tapasya was on the Gangotri Mountain. He had two sons, Smokartik
and Ganpati (Ganesh).
The
Shavi dynasty prospered well. The Descendants of his dynasty are
famous as Takshak, Bachak, Bharhaich, Nags etc. Shavi founded the
country of Shavisthan (Siestan) in Iran and also the Island of Jatoli.
They also founded kingdoms of Turkistan and Scandinavia.
The
Shavi rulers constructed the Shorkot fort in Jhang.
In
Iran there is a Mausoleum of prophet Shish. Hieun T-sang and Fahien
have also called Iran as Shavi country.
Ram Swarup Joon writes about Takshak, It is mentioned in the "Vishnu
Purana' that before the Pandavas, the Takshaks ruled the earth.
Takshaks belong to the Shavi dynasty. In the 29th generation of
king Shavi, one of the six sons of king Sototi was Takshak. According
to genealogical tables of the Yayati dynasty King Satoti is considered
by the Tartars to be their ancestor. Takshak, Bachak etc. are also
called the Nags. There are ample references to these people in local
and foreign histories. According to Mahabharata 'Adi Parva', before
the Pandavas, Khandoban (Indraprastha) was the capital of the Takshak
rulers. They created obstacles in the way of construction of the
capital by Pandavas. Finally, these people were defeated, rendered
homeless and driven out.
They
went and settled down in Taxila (Taksila). In the battle of Mahabharata
they joined the Kauravas and killed king Parikshit. They founded
Takshakkhad (Tashkand) and Takshaksthan (Turkistan).
At present Takshal and Tokas gotras are found among the Jats in
five villages near Delhi. The Takshak Jats is found spread all over
Northern India, Pakistan and Central Asia. ( Tokas is found also
in Romania)
Tartar
and Naga connection :
King Satoti is considered by the Tartars to be their ancestor. Takshak
and Bachak are also called the Nagas (the "serpent people"
of Hindu and Buddhist mythology).
The
Takshak of Punjab :
There is a description of seven Mahanagas in Mayashilpa. They are
: Basuki, Takshak, Karkotak, Padam, Mahapadam, Sankhpaul and Kulika.
In Skand Puran, Takshak Nag has also been called Mahanag (77/17,18;106/5,6,7).
These Takshak, or Takkhas were of Taka family, since the words Takkhas
or Takka or Taka are corrupt forms of Takshaka and in Sanskrit language,
Takshak means Nag or serpent, hence they were Nagas.
As
a matter of fact, totem tradition was a peculiarity of indigenous
people of ancient India. As such these Takshakas or Nagas used to
worship serpents and at certain occasions wore artificial hoods
of cobra on their heads, hence were called serpents or Nagas. These
people, in origin were inhabitants of Panjab or Indus Valley. Still
three parts of this land are known as Taka, Majha (Madra) and Malava,
which were ruled by three royal families or blood relatives of the
same names. Malava is Southern part of Satluj river, land between
Beas and Jhelam in general, is known as Majha and whole North-Western
part beyond Jhelam or present Pakistan is known as Taka. This Taka
is named after the name of royal family of Taka. One province of
Afghanistan is still called Takhar. Name of their tribe was Andhra.
The
name of Takshak Nag first appears in the Mahabharata as opponent
of Pandavas. Hence, this seems to be one of the most ancient royal
families of Naga race, who gave birth to the most of the Naga royal
families of ancient India. Their capital was Taka-shar (Taki or
Takka-war) near Sialkot. Cunningham mentions other names of this
city as Taki and Asurar (of Assyrians). Their ancient traditional
capital was Takshila. H. L. Kosare after Mahabharat informs that
Arattas had their three branches Takka, Vahika and Jertika.
In
Mahabharat, the family Gotra of Takas has been given Karpati and
among them, along with the Malavas of Rajasthan and Panjab, Panch-karpatis
also have been included. These were people of republic society.
It seems that they were relatives of their nearest neighbourers,
the Malavas. These Malavas used to worship Karkota Nag, hence Takas
were also believed to be worshipers of above deity. They later shifted
from Panjab to Rajasthan and settled there in the east. It is clear
that Takas were republicans or guild or Sangha people. They had
their two other families or blood relatives Malavas and Madras and
their Gotra was Karpati.
Madras
were called Vahika and Jertika. Hemchandra, in his Abhidhan Chintamani
(lV-25) has equated Vahikas with Takas. These Takas were Vahika
Nagas, therefore Vahikas, Jertikas and Madras were also Nagas and
all the four Naga tribes were blood relatives of Arattas . There
was a tribal confederacy of Taka Nagas in Panjab that is why the
Panjab was known as Taka-Mulka or Taka-country as mentioned by Hieuntsang.
It is obvious that Vahikas were from Taka family.
Some
scholars think these Jertikas were Jats. Taka or Takshakas and Vahikas
appear in the Mahabharata period (950 B.C.) where as Kushanas, the
progenitors of Jats appear on the horizon of history about 1000
ears later, as invaders from North. On the other hand Jat is the
name of a gotra of Taka kshatriyas. Dr Naval Viyogi hence on this
basis concludes that above Jat is not related to Jat caste or Kushanas
but Takas. Jat in the Nagavansha were already there on the Indian
soil. This is also confirmed from presence of large number of Jat
Gotras originated from Nagavansh.
It
has been observed, that ancient inscriptions in the Pali or Buddhist
character have been discovered in various parts of Rajasthan of
the race called Tastas, Takshak and Tak relating to the tribes,
the Mori (or Maurya) Parmar their descendants. Nagas and Takshakas
are synonymous appellation in Sanskrit for the snake, and the Takshak
is the celebrated Nagavansha of the early heroic history of India.
The Mahabharata describes in its usual allegorical style the war
between the Pandavs of Indraprasth and the Takshaka of the North.
The assassination of Parikshita by the Takshak and the exterminating
warfare carried on against them by his son and successor, Janmejay,
who at last compelled them to sign tributary engagements, divested
of its allegory, is plain historical fact. Their warfare lasted
for a longer period, ultimately progeny of Pandavas had to leave
Hastinapur while the city was washed away in a terrible flood of
the river Ganga at about 800 B.C. Later on it was taken over by
the Nagas.
"In the Bhavishya Puran." According to James Tod"
Prince Sahasra-Arjuna is termed as Chakravartin or paramount sovereign.
It is said that he conquered Karkotaka of the Takshak, Turushka
or snake race and brought with him the population of Mahishmati
and founded Hemnagara in the North India, on his expulsion from
his dominions on the Narbuda. Traditional legends of this prince
yet remain on the Narbuda, where he is styled "Sahasrabahu
or with a thousand arms," figurative of his numerous progeny.
The Takshak or snake race, here alluded to, will engage our attention.
The name of animals in early time, planets and things inanimate,
all furnished symbolic appellations for various races."
It is evident that race of Takshak, being at the entry gate of India
in North West not only suffered at the hand of invaders from North
and West but also those from South.
From the Mahabharat account, Son of Takshak was Ashwasena who was
saved by Indra, while Khandavavana was put into flame by Pandav
Arjun (1000 BC-950 BC).
It seems that there was also possession of Nagas over Gandhar country
in the time of Parshvanath, because Nagjit or Naget, the king of
Gandhar, has been said to be the follower of Parashwanath. Perhaps
this Naga king Nagjit would have been related to Takshaka since
country of Gandhara or Takshila was their main centre of rule from
remote past. We know that the primogenitor of Naga, according to
Mahabharat was Rajrishi Kashyap, who was national guru of Parswanath
also.
During the life time of Buddha (567-487 BC), Takshila was the capital
of Gandhar country or the modern Kandhar. Then, the king of Gandhar
was Pukkusati, who is said to have sent an embassy and a letter
to king Bimbisara of Magadha. He was a follower of Buddha. He died
in his old age on his first and last trip to Magadha, a week after
his meeting with Buddha.
Like Nanda dynasty, Taka family also suffered at the hands of Puranic
Chronicles. Contemporary Puranas have ignored pedigree and chronology
of this family in general. However we have traced out a very handful
names from different sources; when Alexander invaded India (325
BC) he found the Paraitakai, the mountain (Pahar) Tak, inhabiting
the Paropamisos range; nor is it by any means unlikely that Taxiles
[Arrian says that his name was Omphis (Ambhi)]. Hence, perhaps (from
Tak), the name of Indus Attok, not Atak or forbidden according to
modern signification the ally of the Macedonian king, was the chief
of the Takas; and in the early history of the Bhatti prince of Jaisalmer,
when driven from Zabulistan, they dispossessed the Takas on the
Indus, and established themselves in their land the capital of which
was called Salivahanpura. It is by no means unlikely that Salivahana
or Salbhan (who was a Takshaka) the conqueror of the Tuar Vikram,
was of the very family dispossessed by the Bhattis who compelled
them to migrate to the South.
These
Takas or Takshakas, whose chief was Omphis or Ambhi, was a snake
worshiper tribe as noted by the Greek historian M.C. Crindle. He
reproduces as such,
"They
found in many of them besides other animals, a snake, which the
Indians regarding as sacred, kept in a cave and worshiped with much
devotion. The Indians accordingly with every kind of entreaty implored
Alexander to let no one molest the animal, and he consented to this
(Strabo XV-1-28). Now when the army was marching past the cave the
snake heard the sound that arose (that kind of animal being very
sharp both of hearing and sight) and hissed so loud and emitted
such gusts of rage that everyone was terrified and quite confounded.
It was said to be seventy cubits long, and yet the whole of it was
not seen, except its head that projected from the cave its eyes,
moreover are reported to have equaled the size of the large round
Mecedonian shield."
It shows these Naga worshipers were of Naga race whose chief Ambhi
was of Takshak race.
The ancient inscriptions in the Pali Buddhist character have been
discovered in various parts of Rajasthan of the race of Taxak or
Tak, relating to the tribe Mori and Parmara are their descendants.
Taxak Mori was the lord of Chittor from very early period.
The
Huna Kingdom of Sialkot (of Mihir Kula 515-540 AD), destroyed by
Yashodharman, was subsequently seized by a new dynasty of kshatriyas
called Tak or Taxak. The Taxak Mori as being lords of Chittor from
very early period and few generations after the Guhilots supplanted
the Moris, this palladium of Hindu liberty was assailed by the arms
of Islam. (725-35) we find amongst the numerous defenders who appear
to have considered the cause of Chittor their own the Tak from Asirgarh.
This race appears to have retained possession of Asirgarh for at
least two centuries after this event as its chieftain was one of
the most conspicuous leaders in the array of Prithvi Raj. In the
poems of Chandar he is called the "Standard, bearer, Tak of
Asir."
Tokas
in world history :
Tokas is found also in Romania. Takshak Jats ruled Alexandria in
Egypt. Their title was Asi. The Takshak Jats are found spread all
over Northern India, Pakistan and Central Asia.
In
Rajatarangini :
Rajatarangini writes that..... The prime minister Changkuna built
in another place a vihar with a chaitya; and Ishanachandra the physician
and brother to the wife of Changkuna, having obtained wealth through
the favor of Takshak, built a Vihar. The king Lalitaditya further
caused a permanent asylum for the poor to be built at Parihasapura,
to which he presented one lac and one plates filled with food. He
also caused a town to be built in a barren place that thirsty men
might find water, there. He invited prudent men from other countries,
and brought Changkuna brother of Kangkanavarsha, an alchemist, from
Bhuskhar. The king exchanged with this man a statue of Buddha which
he brought from Magadh for certain jewels of mysterious properties.
This statue Changkuna placed in the monastery which he built, and
can be seen to this day, surrounded by iron railings. (Book IV,p.73)
Taxak
and Jats :
James Tod writes that the tribes here alluded to are the Haihaya
or Aswa, the Takshak, and the Jat or Getae; the similitude of whose
theogony, names in their early genealogies, and many other points,
with the Chinese, Tatar, Mogul, Hindu, and Scythic races, would
appear to warrant the assertion of one common origin.
Ram
Sarup Joon quotes Todd, who writes that the Chauhan King Anhal I,
who ruled 39 generations before Prithvi Raj was a Takshak.
James
Tod on Taxak :
James Tod as a pioneer historian on Jats has to his credit that
he thoroughly scrutinized the bardic tales of Rajasthan and Gujarat
and also brought to light over a dozen inscriptions on the Jats
as well as translated many of them into English. Both of his volumes
of Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan reflect his efforts to illuminate
the dark patches in History of Jats and as such shed light on our
community’s historic contribution in those times in the area
of his study. We reproduce the Chapter Chapter 7 Catalogue of the
Thirty Six Royal Races from Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan,
Volume I, Publisher: Humphrey Milford Oxford University Press 1920,
pp. 123-127.
Tak
or Takshak :
Takshak appears to be the generic term of the race from which the
various Scythic tribes, the early invaders of India, branched off.
It appears of more ancient application than Getae, which was the
parent of innumerable sakha. It might not be judicious to separate
them, though it would be speculative to say which was the primitive
title of the races called Scythic, after their country, Sakatai
or Sakadwipa, the land of the great Getae.
Abulghazi
makes Taunak1 the son of Turk or Targetai, who appears to be the
Turushka of the Puranas, the Tukyuks of the Chinese historians,
the nomadic Tokhari of Strabo, who aided to overturn the Greek kingdom
of Bactria, and gave their name to
1
Abulghazi [Hist, of the Turks, Moguls, and Tartars, 1730, i. 5 f
.] says, when Noah left the ark he divided the earth amongst his
three sons : Shem had Iran : Japhet, the country of ' Kuttup Shamach,'
the name of the regions between the Caspian Sea and India. There
he lived two hundred and fifty years. He left eight sons, of whom
Turk was the elder and the seventh Camari, supposed the Gomer of
Scripture. Turk had four sons ; the eldest of whom was Taunak, the
fourth from whom was Mogul, a corruption of Mongol, signifying sad,
whose successors made the Jaxartes their winter abode. [The word
means ' brave ' (Howorth, Hist, of the Mongols, i. 27).] Under his
reign no trace of the true religion remained : idolatry reigned
everywhere. Aghuz Khan succeeded. The ancient Cimbri, who went west
with Odin's horde of Jats, Chattis, and Su , were probably the tribes
descended from Camari, the son of Turk.
[p.124]: the grand division of Asia, Tokharistan1 or Turkistan :
and there is every appearance of that singular race, the Tajik,2
still scattered over these regions, and whose history appears a
mystery, being the descendants of the Takshak.
It
has been already observed, that ancient inscriptions in the Pali
or Buddhist character have been discovered in various parts of Rajasthan,
of the race called Tasta, Takshak, and Tak, relating to the tribes,
the Mori or Maurya, Pramar, their descendants.
Naga
and Takshak are synonymous appellations in Sanskrit for the snake,
and the Takshak is the celebrated Nagvansh of the early heroic history
of India. The Mahabharata describes, in its usual allegorical style,
the wars between the Pandavas of Indraprastha and the Takshaks of
the north. The assassination of Parikshit by the Takshak, and the
exterminating warfare carried on against them by his son and successor,
Janamejaya, who at last compelled them to sign tributary engagements,
divested of its allegory,3 is plain historical fact.
1
Tacash continued to be a proper name with the great Khans of Kharizm
(Chorasmia) until they adopted the faith of Muhammad. The father
of Jala], the foe of Jenghiz Khan, was named Tacash. Tashkent on
the [Jaxartes]], the capital of Turkistan, may be derived from the
name of the race. Bayer says, " Tocharistan was the region
of the Tochari, who were the ancient T??a?o? (Tochari), or T??a?o?
(Tacharoi)." Amraianus Marcellinus says, " many nations
obey the Bactrians, whom the Tochari surpass " (Hist. Beg.
Bad. p. 7).
2 This singular race, the Tajiks, are repeatedly mentioned by Mr.
Elpliinstone in his admirable account of the kingdom of Kabul. They
are also particularly noticed as monopolising the commercial transactions
of the kingdom of Bokhara, in that interesting work. Voyage d'Orenbourg
a Bokhara, the map accompanying which, for the first time, lays
down authentically the sources and course of the Oxus and Jaxartes.
[The term Tajik means the settled population, as opposed to the
Turks or tent-dwellers. It is the same word as Tazi, ' Arab,' still
surviving in the name of the Persian greyhound, which was apparently
introduced by the Arabs. Sykes (Hist, of Persia, ii. 153, note)
and Skrine-Ross {The Heart of Asia, 3, 364 note) state that the
Tajiks represent the Iranian branch of the Aryans.]
3 The Mahabharat describes this warfare against the snakes literally
: of which, in one attack, he seized and made a burnt-offering (hom)
of twenty thousand. It is surprising that the Hindu will accept
these things literally. It might be said he had but a choice of
difficulties, and that it would be as impossible for any human being
to make the barbarous sacrifice of twenty thousand of his species,
as it would be difficult to find twenty thousand snakes for the
purpose. The author's knowledge of what barbarity will inflict leaves
the fact of the human sacrifice, though not perhaps to this extent,
not even improbable. In 1811 his duties called him to a survey
[p 125]: When Alexander invaded India, he found the Paraitakai,
the mountain (pahar) Tak, inhabiting the Paropamisos range; nor
is it by any means unlikely that Taxiles,1 the ally of the Macedonian
king, was the chief (es) of the Taks ; and in the early history
of the Bhatti princes of Jaisalmer, when driven from Zabulistan,
they dispossessed the Taks on the Indus, and established themselves
in their land, the capital of which was called Salivahanpura ; and
as the date of this event is given as 3008 of the Yudhishthira era,
it is by no means unlikely that Salivahana, or Salbhan (who was
a Takshak), the conqueror of the Tuar Vikrama, was of the very family
dispossessed by the Bhattis, who compelled them to migrate to the
south.
The
calculated period of the invasion of the Takshaks, or Nagvansa,
under Sheshnag, is about six or seven centuries before the Christian
era, at which very period the Scythic invasion of Egypt and Syria,
" by the sons of Togarmah riding on horses " (the Aswas,
or Asi), is alike recorded by the prophet Ezekiel and Diodorus.
The Abu Mahatma calls the Takshaks " the sons of Himachal,"
all evincing Scythic descent ; and it was only eight reigns anterior
to this change in the Lunar dynasties of India, that Parsvanath,
the twenty-third Buddha [Jain Tirthankara], introduced his tenets
into India, and fixed his abode in the holy mount Sarnet
amidst
the ravines of the Chambal, the tract called Gujargarh, a district
inhabited by the Gujar tribe. Turbulent and independent, like the
sons of Esau, their hand against every man and every man's hand
against them, their nominal prince, Surajmall, the Jat chief of
Bharatpur, pursued exactly the same plan towards the population
of these villages, whom they captured in a night attack, that Janamejaya
did to the Takshaks : he threw them into pits with combustibles,
and actually thus consumed them ! This occurred not three-quarters
of a century ago.
1
Arrian says that his name was Omphis [Ambhi], and that his father
dying at this time, he did homage to Alexander, who invested him
with the title and estates of his father Taxiles. Hence, perhaps
(from Tak), the name of the Indus, Attak; not Atak, or ' forbidden,'
according to modern signification, and which has only been given
since the Muhammadan religion for a time made it the boundary between
the two faiths. [All these speculations are valueless.
2 In Bihar, during the reign of Pradyota, the successor of Ripunjaya.
Parsva's symbol is the serpent of Takshak. His doctrines spread
to the remotest parts of India, and the princes of Valabhipura of
Mandor and Anhilwara all held to the tenets of Buddha. [As usual,
Jains are confounded with Buddhists. There is no reason to believe
that the Nagas, a serpent-worshipping tribe, were not indigenous
in India.]
[p.126]: Enough of the ancient history of the Tak ; we will now
descend to more modern times, on which we shall be brief. We have
already mentioned the Takshak Mori (or Maurya) as being lords of
Chitor from a very early period ; and but a few generations after
the Guhilots supplanted the Moris, this palladium of Hindu liberty
was assailed by the arms of Islam. We find amongst the numerous
defenders who appear to have considered the cause of Chitor their
own, " the Tak from Asirgarh." 1 This race appears to
liave retained possession of Asir for at least two centuries after
this event, as its chieftain was one of the most conspicuous leaders
in the array of Prithwiraja. In the poems of Chand he is called
the " standard-bearer, Tak of Asir."
This
ancient race, the foe of Janamejaya and the friend of Alexander,
closed its career in a blaze of splendour. The celebrity of the
kings of Gujarat will make amends for the obscurity of the Taks
of modern times, of whom a dynasty of fourteen kings followed each
other in succession, commencing and ending with the proud title
of Muzaffar. It was in the reign of Muhammad,3 son of the first
Tughlak, that an accident to his nephew Firoz proved the dawn of
the fortunes of the Tak ; purchased, however, with the change of
name and religion. Saharan the Tak was the first apostate of his
line, who, under the name of Wajihu-1-mulk, concealed both his origin
and tribe. His son, Zafar Khan, was raised by his patron Firoz to
the government of Gujarat, about the period when Timur invaded India.
Zafar availed himself of the weakness of his master and the distraction
of the times, and mounted the throne of Gujarat under the name of
Muzaffar.4 He was assassinated by the hand of his grandson, Ahmad,
who changed the ancient capital, Anhilwara, for the city founded
by himself, and called Ahmadabad, one of the most splendid in the
east. With the apostasy of the Tak,5 the name appears to have
1
This is the celebrated fortress in Khandesh, now in the possession
of the British.
2 In the list of the wounded at the battle of Kanauj he is mentioned
by name, as " Chatto the Tak."
3 He reigned from a.d. 1324 to 1351.
4 'The victorious' [see p. 118 above].
5 The Miratu-l-Sikandari gives the ancestry of the apostate for
twenty-three generations ; the last of whom was Sesh, the same which
introduced the Nagvansa, seven centuries before the Christian era,
into India. The author of the work gives the origin of the name
of Tak, or Tank, from tarka, ' expulsion,' from his caste, which
he styles Khatri, evincing his ignorance of this ancient race.
[p.127]: been obliterated from the tribes of Rajasthan ; nor has
my search ever discovered one of this name now existing.
Inscriptions
about Takshak and Jats by Col Tod :
James Tod discovered many Inscriptions related with Takshak and
Jats. You may see them here - Inscriptions about Jats by Col Tod.
Takshak:
Thakur Deshraj :
Thakur Deshraj wrote .... Takshak - is a very old family. In the
ninth century these people ruled in Asirgarh. The Jats of Takshak
gotra are in both Malwa and Rajasthan.
History
:
Thakur Deshraj wrote .... [p.561]: Bhat texts say that Shiv's famous
gana Veerabhadra had four women. Among them were born Sonbhadra
and Swarnabhadra from Ashadevi, Pawanabhadra from Bhadradevi, Jhashabhadra
from Alka Devi, and Dhirbhadra from Mayadevi.
Son
Dhirbdra Rudradev of Kashmir Rudrakot built the town its name. Rudrabhadra
was preceded by Brahmabhadra, Karnabhadra, Jayabhadra, Tamrabhadra,
Gyanabhadra, Chakrabhadra, in this dynasty. 2 sons of Chakrabhadra
Nagabhadra and Vajrabhadra.
Nagabhadra
was married to the daughter of Karkotak Nag. Those arising from
it are called Takshaka and settled Taxila city.
Nagabhadra's
other brothers, Vajrabhadra Kreetabhadra, Chandrabhadra, Rorabhadra,
Kokabhadra, Tamalabhadra, Meppabhadra, Pullingabhadra, were ruled
by generations. Among them, Pulingbhadra moved from Kashmir to the
town of Mayapuri, on the banks of the Ganges, which later became
famous as Haridwar.
Beyond
them, this dynasty consisted of Tungabhadra, Purnabhadra, Tejbhadra,
Rajabhadra, Meghbhadra and (II) Swarnabhadra. Rana Hariyaditya was
in the 40th generation of Swarnabhadra. The city of Mayapuri became
famous as Haridwar after her name. Hariaditya was killed by Bhima
at Surya Digvijay, the kingdom of the Pandavas.
Raja
Pejsar, the 16th generation of Rana Hariyaditya, left Haridwar and
his offspring were populated by the banks of the Yamuna.
[P
0.562]: The Union victory 270 years in Alexander's attack on Punjab
Takshak killed fighting descent King Virsinh. They had two sons:
1. Amarsen and 2. Madansen. Amarsen was the overlord of the convergence
. It is known that the Greek writers have written Ambsi (Abhisar)
as ambhi.
Amarsen
(Abhisar) had two sons, Vijaydev and Swarnadeva. Many generations
ahead of it are not known.
Samvat
875 (818 AD.) In Krkdev except converge (Punjab) Dunderkede come
and people Donderia become known.
Takshak
Nagvans :
Dalip Singh Ahlawat writes -
The
Takshak Jats together with many other Jat dynasties formed an association
called Nagavansha. Takshak people are a branch of Nagavansh. L Ramsarup
June , Jat History English writes on page 104 that “Takshak
people are Chandravanshi. In the tenth generation of Anu 's son
Anu , there was a glorious Emperor camp. In the 29th generation
of the camp, a son of King Satauti was named Takshak. Takshak dynasty
came out in his name because of Takshak's fame. " There was
a kingdom of Takshak kings before the Pandavas burnt the Khandava
forest and make Indraprastha their capital. Takshak Jats fought
fiercely against Arjuna and Shri Krishna. In the end, these people
were defeated and went to Takshashila along with the Takshak king
and settled down.
Due
to this malice, the Coast Guard fought in the Mahabharata war against
the Pandavas on behalf of Duryodhana. The guards killed Arjunputra
Parikshit in his palaces. His son Janamejaya attacked Taxila. But
Janmejaya forgives Takshakaraja in consultation with sage Aastiq
1. That the Tkshkvansh gradually Bhashabed stitch, niche, tuck,
Tckr, Toks, argument was Lokprasiddh name. The Kashmiri poet Kalhan
has written it as part of Gurjar country, referring to the kingdom
of Takka. These people were famously powerful. The whole Punjab
was jealous of his greatness. China River Nearby, his kingdom was
forced by his king Alkhan to give the Virkwanshi Jats to the people
between 883 and 901 AD. Before this, Alexander had taken Takshak
Vaidya from Taxila with him. Hunsang by Takk the people Taxila is
praised gazing glory of the smart residents and wrote a warm nature.
Tod saheb wrote the power of the Takshas in Kathanagar on the banks
of the Yamuna in the 14th-15th century. 'Madan Parijat' has written
the king named Ratnapala, Varhap, Harishchandra, Ordinary, Sahasrapala,
Madanpal of this place. This king Madanpal wrote the famous text
of Ayurveda 'Madanpalanighantu'. Tod counts the Takshak dynasty
among 36 princes and ChittorAnd the ruler of Asirgarh and who settled
in the high regions of Asia and the famous hero is written.
On
the princely state of Tonk, Takshak was a state of Jats. 5 miles
north of this is Pirana, a village under the mountain . There was
a democratic state of these Jats in it (Jatveer year 8, issue 42,
author Ritchpal Singh). These people used to collect tax from the
traders passing through their state. Once there the king of Jahangir
passed away. The Piranas' chiefs allowed him to take tax from them.
On being known, the emperor sent his commander Malukkhan to avenge
him. Hearing the might of the Jats, he stayed at Sherpur, a village
near Pirana. The Doom (Dome) of the Jats of Pirana came in greed
and told Malukkhan that “Bhadon Badi 12 will have a fair (celebration)
of the Bachchwars. On that day all men and women swing disarmed
and fearless. ”On this festival, Malukkhan surrounded Bachhwaras.
The Jatviron of Pirana Sardar Jivnsinh andDespite being disarmed,
Raimal broke the heads of fifty enemies. These two brave fighters
worked. Some women fighting in this war were also killed. In this
way this democratic state of the Jats was destroyed. (Jat History,
p. 600-601, author Tha Deshraj), Utterance of Jats, pages 326-327,
author Yogendrapal Shastri.
There
are 12 villages in Sonipat in Haryana of Takshak Jats, in which
Rathdhana, Bayampur, Harsana, Libaspur, Kalupur, Lolhada, Jatheda
etc. are prominent. The Takshak of Dehli is called Jat Tokas, who
escaped from Khandavadah and settled here. Their Munirka Mohammadpur,
Humayumpur, Hauz Khas etc. are special rich villages. In Bikaner,
15 villages belong to the Tanks . Bhagi village in Dadri tehsil
in district Bhiwani Takshak is of Jats.
These
people are in many villages of Jalandhar district of Punjab which
are Sikhdharmis. These people in pakistan
History:
Jat Samaj Patrika :
According to the book of Bhat Granth, the dynasty of Tokas Jats
- Chandra dynasty, Kul- Yadukul, Mool Gotra- Atri, Branch-Tokas,
Fort-Tahn Garh (Rajasthan), Takht (main place) - Mathurapuri, Scar-yellow,
Horse-currency, Kul Devi - Yogeshwari, Deity - Krishna, Mantra -
Panchakshari, Pujan and Arms-Talwar, Nadi-Yamuna, Ved-Yajurved,
Upved-Dhanurved, Vriksh-Kadamb, Exhalation - Tank from Toda and
the first is Padava Rawaladi (Haryana).
Charkhi
Dadri near Ravldi Ran / Bagwati name of Leo Behror was married.
In Bahrod, the people of the majority of the society used to harass
Bhaga. Bhaga summoned his brother Raja Udai Singh Tokas and Raja
Ruddh Singh Tokas from Rawaladi. They defeated the society that
had harassed the majority. A separate village was established in
the name of Bhaga . Which is famous today as Bhangi Bahrod.
The
deceases offspring to protect his sister ran people ran lived. Since
then, the village of Bhakso was populated in village Bhagi.
After
some time, the wives of Chaudhary Udai Singh and Chaudhary Rudh
Singh said that your sister is now safe and living happily. So now
we should leave the sister's house. Leaving some men near the sister,
they left. They were going on the road that their vehicle broke.
They stayed there
According
to Pandit Chandrabhan Vaidya (Bhatt), when asked by the younger
queen (wife of Rudh Singh) to move the Jeth ji a little further,
Raja Uday Singh accepted this as a taunt and went to Pilibhit. Asked
from there to ask the little queen if I should go further. In this
way Raja Udai Singh settled in Pilibhit.
Ruddha
Singh remained alone. Settled in Naharpur from there . Due to the
poor land there, Baburpur settled, which is called Harding Bridge.
Walking from here, Ruddha Singh Tokas permanently settled in Munirka.
According to the Bhatt Granth, Vikrami Samvat 1503, 1446 Varkha
Sawan Sudi on the ninth day, on Monday, Rudh Singh settled the village
of Munirka. Ruddha Singh Tokas had a business of cow, buffalo milk.
And they also used to do milk business from Pathan named Manir Khan.
Manir Khan Pathan was the debtor of Ruddh Singh. He could not get
the loan Therefore, Manir Khan gave all the three strips of Veerpur,
Raipur, Ujirpur to Rudh Singh. In this way he became the owner of
this manor. King Jagir Mubarak Shah to Manir KhanHad given in the
reward.
At
that time, the land of Munirka village was 7000 bighas. In which
today R. K. Puram, J. Un. U, D.D.A. Flat, Basant Kunj, Basant Bihar
are inhabited. In the year 1675 Vikram Samvat 1732, Rupa Ram / Ratia
Singh Tokas, descendant of Ruddha Singh, moved to Humayumpur village
from Munirka and after that in 1715 Vikram Samvat 1772 from Tula
Ram Tokas Munirka to Mohammadpur village.
Today
there are 200 families of Tokas dynasty in Munirka village whose
population is between 20 and 25 thousand . Munirka village, situated
in the region of Aravalli mountain, is situated amidst natural drains.
Earlier there used to be rugged forests here. In Munirka village,
there is an ancient temple of Munir Baba Gangnathji, the presiding
deity of the village, associated with Siddha Machendra Yeti Guru
Gorakh Nath Siddha Baba. Baba Gangnath ji had taken life for a long
time here after doing penance. The mausoleum of Baba Gangnathji,
his magnificent temple and his Dhuni is still the heart of the village.
There is an ancient grand pond near the temple.
Taxak
khap :
Taxak khap has 12 villages in Haryana in Sonipat district. Main
The Villages Are: Rathdhana (Rathdna), Baiyapur (Bayapur), Harsana
(Hrsana), Libaspur (Libaspur), Kalupur (Kalupur). 15 villages of
this khap are in Bikaner janpad and 4 villages in Delhi, one village
Bhagvi (Bhagi) in Bhiwani district in Haryana.
Source
:
https://www.jatland.com/
home/Taxak