IRON
AGE IN INDIA (BHARAT)
Outline
of South Asian history
Palaeolithic (2,500,000
- 250,000 BC)
Neolithic (10,800
- 3300 BC)
Chalcolithic (3500
- 1500 BC)
Bronze
Age (3300 - 1300 BC)
Middle
Kingdoms (230 BC - AD 1206)
Late
medieval period (1206 - 1526)
Early
modern period (1526 - 1858)
Colonial
states (1510 - 1961)
National
histories
Regional
histories
Specialised
histories
In
the prehistory of the Indian subcontinent, an "Iron Age"
is recognized as succeeding the Late Harappan (Cemetery H) culture.
The main Iron Age archaeological cultures of present-day northern
India are the Painted Grey Ware culture (1300 to 300 BCE) and the
Northern Black Polished Ware (700 to 200 BCE). This corresponds
to the transition of the Janpadas or principalities of the Vedic
period to the sixteen Mahajanpads or region-states of the early
historic period, culminating in the emergence of the Maurya Empire
towards the end of the period.
The
earliest evidence of iron smelting predates the emergence of the
Iron Age proper by several centuries.
Researches
:
A team of archaeologists discovered several iron artefacts, including
small knives, in Telangana in 2015, dating back to 1,800 BCE to
2,400 BCE. These iron artefacts were tested at the National Geophysical
Research Institute (NGRI).
Ancient Indian Antennae sword; Metalwork, 1500 –
500 BCE
Ancient Indian Ax Blade, 1500 – 1000 BCE
R. Tewari (2003) radiocarbon dated iron artefacts in Uttar Pradesh,
including furnaces, tuyeres and slag between c. 1800 and 1000 BCE.
Iron using and iron working was prevalent in the Central Ganga Plain
and the Eastern Vindhyas from the early second millennium BCE. The
beginning of the use of iron has been traditionally associated with
the eastward migration of the later Vedic people, who are also considered
as an agency which revolutionised material culture particularly
in eastern Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. Scholar Rakesh Tewari states
that new finds and their dates suggest the need for a fresh review.
According to him, the evidence corroborates the early use of iron
in other areas of the country, and attests that India was indeed
an independent centre for the development of the working of iron.
The
earliest Iron Age sites in South India are Hallur, Karnataka and
Adichanallur, Tamil Nadu at around 1000 BCE.
Source
:
https://en.wikipedia.org/
wiki/Iron_Age_in_India