POINTED
HAT
John
Michael Wright, Mrs Salesbury with her Grandchildren Edward and
Elizabeth Bagot, c.1676, Tate Britain
Pointed
hats have been a distinctive item of headgear of a wide range of
cultures throughout history. Though often suggesting an ancient
Indo-European tradition, they were also traditionally worn by women
of Lapland, the Japanese, the Mi'kmaq people of Atlantic Canada,
and the Huastecs of Veracruz and Aztec (illustrated e.g. in Codex
Mendoza). The Kabiri of New Guinea have the diba, a pointed hat
glued together.
History
:
Existence of the conical hat is known as early as the Bronze Age
in Middle East and Central Europe. One example is the golden hat
worn by members of the priesthood [which?], likely as a ceremonial
accessory. In Ancient Greece, the pilos was a common conical traveling
hat. Popular among Burgundian noblewomen in the 15th century was
a type of conical headgear now called a hennin. Conical hats were
also popular in late medieval Vijayanagar, India.
Bronze
Age :
The conical golden hats of Bronze Age Central Europe were probably
a ceremonial accessory worn by the priesthood. See also horned helmet.
Iron
Age :
Textile analysis of the Tarim Mummies has shown some similarities
to the Iron Age civilizations of Europe dating from 800 BC, including
woven twill and tartan patterns strikingly similar to tartans from
Northern Europe. One unusual find was a distinctively pointed hat:
Yet
another female – her skeleton found beside the remains of
a man – still wore a terrifically tall, conical hat just like
those we depict on witches riding broomsticks at Halloween or on
medieval wizards intent at their magical spells.
Pointed hats were also worn in ancient times by Saka (Scythians),
and are shown on Hindu temples (as helmets and metal crowns) and
in Hittite reliefs. As described by Herodotus, the name of the Scythian
tribe of the tigrakhauda (Orthocorybantians) is a bahuvrihi compound
literally translating to "people with pointed hats".
Besides
the Scythians, the Cabeiri as well as Odysseus are traditionally
pictured wearing a Pilos, or woolen conical hat.
Ancient
conical hats :
Scythian
(Saka tigrakhauda) leader with the pointed cap typical of his people
The
Hallstatt culture Warrior of Hirschlanden wears a pointed hat or
helmet
Relief
in Hattusa, probably depicting Suppiluliuma II
Odysseus
wearing a Pilos
Hephaestus
Middle
Ages :
A
kazaori eboshi from the Japanese Heian period
The 13th-century Cumans commonly wore scythian style pointed hats,
and are reported to have fought wearing them.
Originating
from the Japanese Heian period, the kazaori eboshi was worn by aristocrats
to indicate rank. Still worn today for ceremonial purposes, this
black linen hat was used during a samurai's ceremony in attaining
manhood.
The Jewish poet Süßkind von Trimberg wearing
a Jewish hat (Codex Manesse, 14th century)
The Papal tiara in the Middle Ages is sometimes shown as more pointed
than in more recent centuries, though also shown with no point.
Mitra papalis is a type of conch named after the papal mitre for
its form.
Medieval
Jewish men wore distinctive headgear as required by European Christian
authorities. This included the pointed Jewish hat (or "Judenhut")
already worn by Jews, a piece of clothing probably imported from
the Islamic world and perhaps before that from Persia.
Popular
among Burgundian noblewomen in the 15th century was a type of conical
headgear now called a hennin.
From
the 13th to the 15th Century, the liripipe hood was commonplace,
where the rear of the hood was considerably extended (to a meter
or more) in a conical form, which was variously worn as a scarf,
or allowed to hang behind, in the form now commonly found now in
academic robes.
Modern
times :
Pointed
hats at 2017 Courir de Mardi Gras in rural Louisiana
The Spitzhut is a traditional kind of headgear in Bavaria.
Pointed
hoods were used by various orders and Catholic lay confraternities
for processions, e.g. the Semana Santa of Sevilla who wore the Capirote.
Pointed
hats are still worn in the rural Louisiana Mardi Gras celebrations
by the Cajuns, the Courir de Mardi Gras, where they are known as
capuchons.
The
Ku Klux Klan has worn this headgear since its first era.
Tall
conical hats are common to traditional folk ceremonies in many parts
of Europe, particularly at Carnival time. Examples can still be
seen in Italy, Spain and Bulgaria.
The
May Day hobby horses of Padstow and Minehead in southwest England
have pointed hats with masks attached.
Folklore
and fiction :
Classical pointed hats are worn by the dwarfs, witches and wizards
of European Folklore.[citation needed]
Types
:
Bashlyk
:
This
traditional Turkic and Cossack cone-shaped headdress hood is
usually made of leather, felt or wool. It is an ancient round topped
felt bonnet with lappets for wrapping around the neck.
Capirote
Historically,
the capirote was a cardboard cone worn in Spain.
Capuchon
A capuchon is a ceremonial hat worn during the Mardi Gras celebration
in the Cajun areas of southwestern Louisiana, known
as the Courir de Mardi Gras.
Asian
conical hat
Known
as a sedge hat, rice hat, paddy hat or coolie hat, this simple style
of hat is often made of straw. It originated in East, South and
Southeast Asia, particularly Vietnam, China, Japan, Korea, Cambodia,
Philippines, India, Bangladesh and Indonesia.
Dunce
cap
In
popular culture, the dunce cap is typically made of paper and often
marked with a D or the word "dunce", and given to school children to
wear as punishment by public humiliation for misbehaviour
and, as the name implies, stupidity.
Fulani
hat
A
conical plant fiber hat covered in leather both at the brim and
top, worn by men of the Fulani people in West Africa.
Golden
hat
This
type of hat is a very specific and rare type of archaeological artifact from Bronze
Age Europe.
Hennin
Most commonly worn in Burgundy and France by women of the nobility,
the hennin appears from about 1430 onwards. Later, though, this
hat spread more widely, especially in the truncated form. Typically,
the hennin was 12 to 18 inches (30 to 45 cm) high, generally
accompanied by a veil that usually emerged from the top of the cone
and was allowed to fall onto the woman's shoulders.
Hogeon
This Korean traditional headgear for young boys
aged one year to five years has flaps, and is a type of gwanmo.
Jewish
hat
The
Jewish hat was often white or yellow, worn by Jews in Medieval
Europe and some of the Islamic world.
Kalpak
This high-crowned cap is usually made of felt or sheepskin. It is
worn by men from southeastern Europe, Iran, Central Asia and the
Caucasus.
Kasa
A Kasa is any of several kinds of traditional hats of Japan.
Madhalla
Traditional straw hat from Yemen.
Mokorotlo
A straw hat used traditionally by the Sotho people. It serves
as the national symbol of Lesotho.
Nightcap
This garment is worn while sleeping, often with a nightgown,
for warmth.
Party
hat
A
party hat is generally a playful conical hat made with a rolled
up piece of thin cardboard, usually with designs printed on the
outside and a long string of elastic going from one side of the
cone's bottom to another to secure the cone to one's head.
Phrygian
cap
The
Phrygian cap is a soft cap with the top pulled forward. Associated
in antiquity with the inhabitants of Phrygia, a region of central Anatolia;
from the French Revolution a symbol of revolution,
liberty and republicanism - and in modern times with Smurfs.
Pileus
The pileus was, in Ancient Greece and Rome, a brimless, felt cap,
somewhat similar to a fez.
Salakot
Usually made from rattan or reeds, this is a traditional
hat from the Philippines.
Sugar
loaf
This
very tall, tapering hat was first worn in medieval times. Its name
comes from the loaves into which sugar was formed at that
time. The sugar loaf hat is a kind of early top hat ending
in a slightly rounded conical top.
Tantour
Similar to the hennin, this woman's headdress was popular in the
Eastern Mediterranean during the 19th century. The most ornate
tantours were made of gold and reached as high as 30 inches.
Some were encrusted with gems and pearls. The tantour was held in
by a ribbons tied around the head. A silk scarf was wound around
the base with a white veil attached to the peak.
Topor
A topor is worn during Bengali Hindu wedding ceremonies.
It is usually white, fragile, and made of sholapith.
Source
:
https://en.wikipedia.org/
wiki/Pointed_hat