MANTRAS
There
are two version of Manuvantar the original which is the Sumerian
Aryan Version and the Puranic Version. To understand the Sumerian
Aryan Version first we have to study the Sumerian Civilization
and after that the Sumerian Aryan Version of Manuvantar.
To
know about Sumerian Civilization Click
here.
To
know about Sumerian Version of Manuvantar Click
here.
Manvantar
/ Manuvantar as per Puran :
Manvantar
/ Manuvantar or age of a Manu the Hindu progenitor of mankind
is an astronomical period of time measurement. Manvantar is a
Sanskrut sandhi a combination of words manu and antara, manu-antara
or Manvantar literally meaning the duration of a Manu or his life
span.
Each
Manvantar is created and ruled by a specific Manu who in turn
is created by Brahma the creator himself. Manu creates the world
and its entire species during that period of time each Manvantar
lasts the lifetime of a Manu upon whose death Brahma creates another
Manu to continue the cycle of Creation or Shristi, Vishnu on his
part takes a new avtar and also a new Indra and Saptarishis are
appointed.
Eventually
it takes 14 Manus and their respective Manvantars to create a
Kalp or a 'Day of Brahma', according to the Hindu Time Cycles
and also the Vedic timeline.
Thereafter,
at the end of each Kalp there is a period of dissolution or Pralay
wherein the world is destroyed and it lies in a state of rest
during a period called the 'Night of Brahma'.
After
that the creator Brahma starts his cycle of creation all over
again in an endless cycle of creation followed by Destruction
for which Shiv, Hindu God of destruction and also renewal is invoked
towards the end of each such cycle.
Duration
of a life cycle :
![](time.jpg)
Brahma is
said to have been created from the navel (which is a single
point) of Vishnu, described as a lotus blooming out of the navel.
The life span of Brahma is of 100 years (day time). During the
day Brahma starts the creation process and at night Brahma goes
to sleep (only Brahma goes to sleep not Shiv and Vishnu) and
during the night all life he created is absorbed back into him.
The creation and destruction is an ongoing process (repeated
forever).
Brahma
creates the universe, the universe maintained by Vishnu (The God
of Preservation) and destroyed by Shiv (The God of Destruction).
These three constitute the holy Trinity (Trimurti) of the Hindu
religion. Once the universe has been destroyed by Shiv, Brahma
starts the creation once again. This creation-destruction cycle
repeats itself almost endlessly.
The
entire time period of the universe is known as Kalp. "Kalp"
equals to one day (day + night) of Brahma. Day means the existence
period of the universe and night means the destruction period
of the universe. The time period of day and night is same.
In
the Hindu tradition Ved's were formed in the beginning of the
universe. The counting of the time period of the begining of the
universe is as following.
One
day of Brahma (only day) is divided into 14 parts and each part
is known as Manvantar.
![](14manuvantara.jpg)
Each
Manvantar has 71 Chaturyug. Chaturyug is combination of 4 yugs
(satyug, tretayug, dwaparyug and kalyug).
One
chaturyug calculation :
Yug |
Purv
Sandhya |
Yug
Kal |
Uttar
Sandhya |
Satyug |
400 |
4,000 |
400 |
Tretayug |
300 |
3,000 |
300 |
Dwaparyug |
200 |
2,000 |
200 |
Kalyug |
100 |
1,000 |
100 |
|
Yug |
Total
Kal |
One
Chatur Yug Time |
Satyug |
4,800 |
4,800 |
Tretayug |
3,600 |
3,600 |
Dwaparyug |
2,400 |
2,400 |
Kalyug |
1,200 |
1,200 |
|
Total |
12,000
Years |
|
The
life span of Brahma is of 100 years. Brahma's one day is called
a kalp, the creation of Brahma is called vikalp and the creation
of the total creation is called mahakalp.
In
the Skand Puran, Brahma's thirty days are mentioned as :
Kalps |
1)
Svet Varah Kalp |
11)
Dhyan Kalp |
21)
Som Kalp |
2)
Nilalohit Kalp |
12)
Sarasvat Kalp |
22)
Bhavan Kalp |
3)
Vamadev Kalp |
13)
Udan Kalp |
23)
Supum Kalp |
4)
Gathantar Kalp |
14)
Garud Kalp |
24)
Vaikunth Kalp |
5)
Raurav Kalp |
15)
Kaurm Kalp |
25)
Arcis Kalp |
6)
Pran Kalp |
16)
Narasimha Kalp |
26)
Vali Kalp |
7)
Brhat Kalp |
17)
Samadhi Kalp |
27)
Vairaj Kalp |
8)
Kandarp Kalp |
18)
Agneya Kalp |
28)
Gauri Kalp |
9)
Sadyat Kalp |
19)
Visnuj Kalp |
29)
Maheshvar Kalp |
10)
Isan Kalp |
20)
Saur Kalp |
30)
Paitr Kalp |
|
Each
day of Brahma is a duration of one thousand divya yug's. A divya
yug cosists of one thousand of the four yug's. The same duration
comprises his night.
Brahmas
life span calculation :
Brahmas
Years |
Human
Years |
30
days of Brahma (1 month) |
259,200,000,000
human years |
12
months of Brahma (1 year) |
3,110,400,000,000
human years |
25
years of Brahma (1 kalp) |
77,760,000,000,000
human years |
2
kalpas (1 parardha) |
155,520,000,000,000
human years |
2
parardhas (100 years of Brahma) |
311,040,000,000,000
human years |
|
The
above calculation as per Vishnu Puran :
Calculations |
360
days of the gods |
1
year of the gods |
12,000
years of the gods |
4
Yug's |
1,000
sets of 4 Yug's |
A
day of Brahma |
50
years of Brahma |
1
Pararddham |
100
years of Brahma |
1
Param |
|
According
to Hindu time calculation year is used according to human years
and divya years.
Human
years calculation :
Calculations |
Day
and Night |
1
Day |
30
Days |
1
Month |
12
Months |
1
Year |
|
Divya
(devta) years and Human years calculation :
Divya
Years |
Human
Years |
Uttarayan
+ Dakshiyan = 1 Day |
1
Year of Humans = 1 Divya Day |
30
Days = 1 Month |
30
Human Years = 1 Divya Month |
12
Months = 1 Year |
360
Human Years = 1 Divya Year |
|
According
to Bhagwat Puran at present it is Seventh Manvantar. In this 7th
Manvantra it is 28th Chaturyugi going on and in this 28th Chaturyugi
Satyug, Tretayug and Dwaparyug are overcand at present 4th that
is Kalyug is going on.
At
present it is first stage of Kalyug. The war of Mahabharat happened
in the end of Dwaparyug and Lord Krishna left earth for heaven
during the end of Dwaparyug. Around 5000 Years have passed since
this incident and it is said that after that the Kalyug started.
5108 years have passed since the beginning of Kalyug.
Calculations |
6
Manvantar |
1,84,03,20,000
Human Years |
27
Chaturyugi |
11,66,40,000
Human Years |
1
Satyug |
17,28,000
Human Years |
1
Tretayug |
12,96,000
Human Years |
1
Dwaparyug |
8,64,000
Human Years |
1
Kalyug |
4,32,000
Human Years |
Total
Years |
1,96,08,48,000 |
|
Each
Manvantar is ruled over by a Manu. In the present Kalp, six Manvantars
have already passed and the names of the six Manus who ruled were
Svayambhuva, Svarochisha, Uttama, Tamasa, Raivata and Chakshusha.
The name of the seventh Manu, who rules over the seventh Manvantar
of the present Kalp, is Vaivasvat.
The titles of the seven great sages (Saptarishis) as well as the
title of Indra change from Manvantar to Manvantar. The gods also
change.
In
the present Vaivasvat Manvantar, the seven great sages are Atri,
Vashishth, Kashyap, Gautam, Bharadvaj, Vishvamitra and Jamadagni.
The
gods now are the sadhyas, the rudras, the vishvadevas, the vasus,
the maruts, the adityas and the two ashvinis.
Manvantar
and their Saptarshis :
Manvantar |
Saptarshis |
First
Manvantar |
The
interval of Swayambhu Manu |
Saptarshis
: |
Mareechi,
Atri, Angiras, Pulah, Kratu, Pulastya, and Vashishth.
|
Second
Manvantar |
The
interval of Swarochisha Manu |
Saptarshis
: |
Urja,
Stambha, Prana, Dattoli, Rishabh, Nischara and
Arvarívat. |
Third
Manvantar |
The
interval of Auttami Manu |
Saptarshis
: |
Kaukundihi,
Kurundi, Dalaya, Sankha, Praváhita, Mita,
and Sammita. (Sons of Vashishth). |
Fourth
Manvantar |
The
interval of Támasa Manu |
Saptarshis
: |
Jyotirdhama,
Prithu, Kavya, Chaitra, Agni, Vanaka, and Pivara. |
Fifth
Manvantar |
The
interval of Raivata Manu |
Saptarshis
: |
Hirannyaroma,
Ved'sr, Urddhabahu, Vedabahu, Sudhaman, Parjanya,
and Mahámuni. |
Sixth
Manvantar |
The
interval of Chakshusha Manu |
Saptarshis
: |
Sumedhas,
Virajas, Havishmat, Uttam, Madhu, Abhináman
and Sahishnnu. |
The
present - seventh Manvantar |
The
interval of Vaivasvat Manu |
Saptarshis
: |
Kashyap,
Atri, Vashishth, Vishvamitra, Gautam, Jamadagni
and Bharadvaj. |
Eighth
Manvantar |
Savarni
Manu |
Saptarshis
: |
Díptimat,
Gálava, Rám, Kripacharya, Drauni,
Ved Vyás, and Rishyasring. (Vishnu Puran:
Book III: Chapter II). |
Ninth
Manvantar |
Daksh
Savarni Manu |
Saptarshis
: |
Savana,
Dyutimat, Bhavya, Vasu, Medhatithi, Jyotishmán
and Satya. |
Tenth
Manvantar |
Brahma
Savarni Manu |
Saptarshis
: |
Havishmán,
Sukriti, Satya, Apámmúrtti, Nábhága,
Apratimaujas and Satyaket. |
Eleventh
Manvantar |
Dharma
Savarni Manu |
Saptarshis
: |
Nischara,
Agnitejas, Vapushmán, Vishnu, Áruni,
Havishmán, and Anagh. |
Twelfth
Manvantar |
Rudra
Savarni Manu |
Saptarshis
: |
Tapaswí,
Sutapas, Tapomúrtti, Taporati, Tapodhriti,
Tapodyuti and Tapodhan. |
Thirteenth
Manvantar |
Raucya
or Dev Savarni Manu |
Saptarshis
: |
Nirmoh,
Tatwadersín, Nishprakampa, Nirutsuka, Dhritimat,
Avyaya and Sutapas. |
Fourteenth
Manvantar |
Bhauta
or Indra Savarni Manu |
Saptarshis
: |
Agnibáhu,
Suchi, Sukra, Magadhá, Gridhra, Yukta,
and Ajit. |
|
The
exact lists of Saptarishis are not perfectly known as it is supposed
that the astral links to the hierarchy were lost in medieval India
due to the effects of Muslim invasion on India.
Fourteenth
Manvantar according to Bhagwad Puran are :
1.
Swayambhu Manvantra :
King
Parikshit said to Shukdev, "Gurudev, I just heard that tale
of self-begotten Manu's lineage. Now kindly describe to me about
the others Manus. Also describe the plays of God's different incarnations
which occurred during different Manvantars." Shukdev said,
"Parikshit, during Tamas Manvantar, Lord Narayana was born
as Hari incarnation from Harini, the wife of a sage. In that incarnation
He saved an elephant from the jaws of a crocodile. During the
present Kalpa (period comprising the sum of all the four Yug's),
six Manvantars have passed. I have described the first one. Now,
listen to the description of the other Manvantars."
2.
Swarochish Manvantar :
Swarochi
Manu was the son of Agni. He had sons named Dyumana, Sushena and
Rochismana. During that Manvantar, Indra's post was occuppied
by Rochan. Scholars of Ved's like Vrajstambh etc. were among the
Saptarishi (seven great sages). Lord had taken incarnation as
Vibhu, the son of a sage Vedshira and his wife Tushita. Vibhu
remained a loyal celibate lifelong. Following His conduct, eighty-eight
thousand more sages observed celibacy life long.
3.
Uttam Manvantar
:
Third
Manu Uttam was the son of the king Priyvrata. He had sons named
Pawan, Sanjay, Yagyhotra, etc. In that Manvantar, seven sons of
the sage Vashisht were Saptarishi (the seven great sages). Indra's
name was Satyajit. Satya, Vedshrut and Bhadra were the main Ganas
(courtiers) of the God. God had appeared in the incarnation of
Satyasen, the son of Dharma and Sunrita. He was accompanied by
Devganas named Satyvrata. Lord had destroyed during that period
the evil Yakshas, demon and poltergeists.
4.
Tamas Manvantar :
Tamas,
the fourth Manu was the real brother of Uttam, the third Manu.
He had ten sons. Trishikh was Indra then, with Satyak, Hari, Veer
etc. as his main courtiers. Sage like Jyotirdham etc. were the
Saptarishi. During that Manvantar Lord had saved Gajendra from
the jaws of the crocodile.
5.
Raiwat
Manvantar :
Raiwas
was the fifth Manu. He was also the real brother of Tamas, the
third Manu. He had many sons. Vibhu was the name of Indra. Sages
like Hiranyroma, Vedshir, Urdhubahm were among Saptarishi. God
had appeared in the incarnation of Vaikunth the son of the sage
Shubh and his wife Vikunth. At the request of Goddess Laxmi, Lord
Vaikunth created Vaikunth dham, the best among all other loks
(worlds).
6.
Chakshush
Manvantar :
Chakshush
was the sixth Manu. He had sons named Puru, Purush, Sadyumn etc.
Mantrradruma was Indra then, with Apya etc. as main courtiers.
Sages like Havishmana and Veeraka etc. were among the Saptarishi.
During that Manuantara, Lord had appeared in partial incarnation
as Ajit, the son of Vanraj and his wife Sambhunti. It was he who
caused the churning of the sea and made the God's drink nectar
and supported Mandarachal Mountain on his back in Kachchhap (tortoise)
from during the churning.
7.
Vaivasvat Manvantar :
Shri
Shukdev says, "Parikshit in the present era, the seventh
Manu, Shardhdev is the son of Surya. He has ten sons- Ikshvaku,
Nabhag, Drisht, Sharyati, Narishyant, Nabhag, Disht, Karush, Prishadhra
and Vasuman. Purandar is the name of Indra. He has Adity, Vasu,
Rudra, Vishvadev, Marudgan, Ashwini, Kumar and Rishi as his main
courtiers. Kashyap, Atri, Vashishth, Vishvamitra, Gautam, Jamadagni
and Bhardwaj are the Saptarishi. During this Manvantar, God has
arrived in Vamana incarnation as the son of Kashyap and his wife
Aditi.
8.
Savarni Manvantar :
Savarni,
the son of Surya and Chhaya would be the eighth Manu. The king
Surath, who had occurred in Swarachish Manvantar, had worshiped
Goddess Bhagwadi intensely, and thus received a boon of having
an unbroken empire on earth. In later course he will be the son
of Surya and become the eighth Manu also. He would have sons like
Nirmak, Virajask etc. Vairochana Bali would be Indra, Amritprabha
etc. as his main courtiers. Galav, Diptiman, Parashuram, Ashwatthama,
Kripachary, Rishyshring and Vyas- these great sages would be the
Saptarishi during the eight Manvantar. God would take incarnation
as Sarvbhaum, the sons of Devguhya and his wife Saraswati. God
as Sarvbhaum would snatch the kingdom of Swarg (heaven) from Purandar
Indra and give it to the king Bali.
9.
Ninth Manvantar :
Shri
Shukdev says, Varun's son Dakshasavarni would be the ninth Manu.
He would have sons like Bhutaketu, Diptketu, Dyutiman etc. God
would take birth as the incarnation of Rishabh, the son of sage
Ayushman and his wife Ambudhara. A person named Adbhut would be
Indra and he would have Para, Marichigarbh etc. as his main courtiers.
10.
Tenth Manvantar :
Upshloksa's
son Brahma Savarni would be the tenth Manu. He would be very pious
in nature and have sons like Bhurishen etc. Havishman, Sukriti,
Satya, Jay, Murti etc. would be Saptarishi. Shambhu would be Indra,
with Suvasana, Viruddh etc. as his main courtiers. God would appear
in the incarnation of Vishwasen as the son of Vishwasrij and his
wife Vishuchi. He would be a friend of Indra.
11.
Eleventh Manvantar :
The
self-restraining Dharmasavarni would be the eleventh Manu. He
would have ten sons. Vaidhrita would be Indra with Vihangam, Kamagam,
etc. as main courtiers. Vedic sages like Arun etc. would be the
Saptarishi. God would appear as Dharmasetu, the sons of Aryak
and Vaidhrit. In this incarnation he would protect Triloki (all
the three worlds).
12.
Twelveth Manvantra :
Rudrasavarni
would be the twelfth Manu. He would have sons named Devavana,
Updev and Devshreshth etc. Ritdhama would be Indra with Hari etc.
as his main courtiers. As the son of Satyasahay and his wife Sunrita,
the God would protect this Manvantar in the form of Swadham.
13.
Thirteenth
Manvantar :
Devsavarni
would be the thirteenth Manvantar. He would have sons named Chitrasen,
Vichitra etc. Divaspati would be Indra of the gods like Sukarm,
Sutram etc. Sages like Nirmoka, Tatvadarsh etc. would be the Saptarishi.
God would appear as Yogeshwar, the sons of Devhotra and his wife
Brihati. He would bestow the designation of Indra to Divaspati.
14.
Fourteenth Manvantar :
Indrasavarmi
would be the fourteenth Manu. He would have sons like Uru, Gambhir
Buddhi etc. Shuchi would be Indra and have Pavitra Chakshush,
Etc. as his main courtiers. Agni, Bahu, Shuchi, Magadh etc. would
be the Saptarishi. God would appear in the incarnation of Brihadbhahu
as the son of Satrayan and his wife Vinata and cause the extension
of Karmakand (actions)."
These
fourteen Manvantars had continued in past, are continuing in the
present and they would continue in the future also. It is by them,
that a Kalp (a period of thousand Chaturyug) is completed. Calculation
of time is also done through these Manvantars.
Period
of a Manvantra is slightly more than seventy one Chaturyug (all
the four Yug's passing seventy-one times). A Chaturyug (period
of all the four Yug's taken together) lasts for about 3 million
years, while a Kalp lasts for about four thousand three hundred
and twenty million years. This is equal to a day of Brahma. Brahma's
night is Mahapralay (the great deluge). When that night is over,
Brahma again begins the work of new creation exactly as per the
previous Kalpa. Carrying out this responsibility continuously
for a century, Brahma goes back to Bhagwad dham (the abode of
Lord Vishnu).
His
responsibilities are taken over by the next Brahma, who carries
out the work of creation, by the inspiration of Lord Narayan.
![](mahapralay.jpg)
Mahapralay
(end of 14th Manuvantar)